Until now, the primitive nature of blockchain technology and the lack of on-chain resources have hindered complex blockchain innovation and has posed restrictions on the development of exciting and elaborate DApps. Many blockchain architectures suffer from a number of issues: extensibility, scalability and on-chain data availability. We believe these problems stem from the relationship between two very important parts of the consensus architecture – canonicality and validity – being too closely associated. Furthermore, the use of Oracles adds a centralized party to manage off-chain data which defeats the true purpose of blockchains’ core functionality.